Tuesday, December 30, 2008

obamma vs. mccain

The debate of Obamma and McCain was indeed a good one. The debate was more on question and answer were the two parties came face to face to deliver their intentions for the country they desired to ran for presidency. They answers directly the questions, intrigues and issues that they have but making sure that the answers that came out in their mouths would and could persuade the audience to cast their votes in favor to them or to who ever had spoken so well in front of the people. It was not just the people of the United States who waited and watched the debate but all the peoples from all over the world-- not to mention that United States of America was indeed one of the most powerful country in the world although they are experiencing economic crisis nowadays.

But truly, the debate between the two was the most awaited one since the 2008 United States Presidential election was one of the historical elections ever.

When we talk about the Educational Standard of Debate....the 3rd Presidential Debate has followed and met the standards.

Saturday, November 22, 2008

argumentation

argumentation is the process of developing or presenting an argument or reasoning. Argumentation is a verbal and social activity of reason aimed at increasing or decreasing the acceptability of a controversial standpoint for the listener or reader, by putting forward a constellation of propositions intended to justify or refute the standpoint before a rational judge that's according to Van Eemeren et al, 1996. Argumentation is a verbal activity, most often in an ordinary language. In argumentation people use words and sentences to argue, to state or to deny etc. Nonverbal communication is accompanied with verbal communication in argumentation and can play an important role. Furthermore, argumentation is a social activity, which in principle is directed to other people. Argumentation is also an activity of reason, when people put forward their arguments in argumentation they place their considerations within the realm of reason. Argumentation is always related to a standpoint. An opinion itself is not enough; arguments are needed when people differ on a standpoint. Finally, the goal of argumentation is to justify one’s standpoint or to refute someone else’s.

Argumentation theory is an interdisciplinary field which attracts attention from philosophers, logicians, linguists, legal scholars, speech communication theorists, etc. The theory is grounded in conversational, interpersonal communication, but also applies to group communication and written communication. De Jong & Schellens (2004) illustrate the possibilities of argumentation analysis in the context of public information.

There are different kinds of argumentation such as Conversational, Mathematical, Scientific, Legal and Political.

In relation, there's what we also called informal and formal arguments. Informal arguments are studied in informal logic, are presented in ordinary language and are intended for everyday discourse and also may be said to emphasize the study of argumentation. Whereas, formal arguments are studied in formal logic and are expressed in a formal language. Formal logic is also emphasizes implication and inference is also emphasized in formal arguments.

There's also this so-called a deductive argument is one which, if valid, has a conclusion that is entailed by its premises. In other words, the truth of the conclusion is a logical consequence of the premises--if the premises are true, then the conclusion must be true. It would be self-contradictory to assert the premises and deny the conclusion, because the negation of the conclusion is contradictory to the truth of the premises.